Chromosomes are thread- like structures found in the nucleus of cells, made up of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) and proteins. During interphase, the chromosomes are present in the form of a thin fibrous network called chromatin. The DNA in chromosomes carries the genetic information necessary for the development, functioning, and reproduction of organisms.
7.1.1 Parts of a chromosomes
A chromosome consists of three main parts: chromatids, centromere and telomeres. i) Chromatid: A single chromosome, before S- phase (DNA replication), consists of one thread- like structure called chromatin. After S- phase, a chromosome consists of two identical chromatids called sister chromatids that are attached together at centromere. These chromatids are the duplicated copies of the chromosome.