"Environment refers to the area around an organism that effects the life and activities of that organism."
The environment, including landforms, climate, soil and natural vegetation, etc. has a deep impact on human life. Environment also impacts all activities of human beings in a region whether these are economic, political, social, religious, or financial. Environmental hazards are such problems that arise from inappropriate or unsuitable environment, which adversely affect not only human life but also wildlife, vegetation and aquatic life. Following are some of the major environmental hazards being faced by Pakistanis:
Details of these environmental hazards are as under:
1. Pollution
The mixing of contaminants into a natural environment is harmful not only for human beings but also for other creatures is called environmental pollution.
There are three common types of environmental pollution.
(i) Air Pollution (ii) Water Pollution (iii) Land Pollution
(i) Air Pollution
Air pollution refers to an increase in the amount of harmful gases in the air, such as carbon dioxide and sulphur oxide etc. Smoke from the factories and vehicles is resulting in increase in the harmful gases in the air, which is damaging the natural environment. It is a cause of various harmful diseases, such as lungs cancer and various skin diseases etc. To reduce air pollution, it is imperative to reduce the emission of toxic and harmful gases by using such fuels for vehicles that reduce pollution, such as CNG, etc. Plant more and more trees. Similarly, installing filtration plants in mills and factories. In addition, the use of such gases that are harmful for the environment, such as chlorofluorocarbon, should be banned.
Smog is a type of pollution. It is a mixture of smoke and fog. It causes eye, lungs and skin diseases in human beings.
(ii) Water Pollution
Water pollution refers to the mixing of various toxic chemicals in water. Water that is discharged from factories contains a number of harmful chemicals that flow into the rivers, canals and oceans and become part of it. These are not only dangerous for human life but also damage vegetation and aquatic life. To prevent water contamination, the waste water from the factories should be cleaned with filtration plants and then discharged it into rivers and canals.
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