10.1 Concepts of Acids and Bases (General Properties of Acids)
10.1.4 General Properties of Acids
Physical Properties
Physical properties of acids have been described in the beginning of the chapter.
Chemical Properties
(i) Reaction with Metals
Acids react explosively with metals like sodium, potassium and calcium. However, dilute acids (HCl, ) react moderately with reactive metals like: Mg, Zn, Fe and Al to form their respective salts with the evolution of hydrogen gas.
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Fig. Reaction of acid with metal.
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(ii) Reaction with Carbonates and Bicarbonates
Acids react with carbonates and bicarbonates to form corresponding salts with the evolution of carbon dioxide gas.
(iii) Reaction with Bases
Acids react with bases (oxides and hydroxides of metal and ammonium hydroxide) to form salts and water. This process is called neutralization.
\mathrm{CuO_{(s)} + H_2SO_4_{(aq)}\longrightarrow CuSO_4_{(aq)} + H_2O_{(l)}}