10.1 Concepts of Acids and Bases (General Properties of Bases)
📊 Data TableScroll ↔
| Acid | Source |
|---|---|
| iCitric acid | Citrus fruits i.e., lemon, oranges |
| iiLactic acid | sour milk |
| iiiFormic acid | Stings of bees and ants |
| ivButyric acid | Rancid butter |
| vTartaric acid | Tamarind, grapes, apples |
| viMalic acid | Apples |
| viiUric acid | Urine |
| viiiStearic acid | Fats |
10.1.5 General Properties of Bases
Physical Properties
The physical properties of bases have been described in the beginning of the chapter.
Chemical Properties
(i) Reaction with Acids
Bases react with acid to form salt and water. It is a neutralization reaction.
(ii) Reaction with Ammonium Salts
Alkalies react with ammonium salts to liberate ammonia gas:
\mathrm{NH_4Cl_{(aq)} + NaOH_{(aq)}\longrightarrow NaCl_{(aq)} + NH_3_{(g)}\uparrow + H_2O_{(l)}}